Classes: 9 , 10 , 11

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• To form students’ ideas about HIV and AIDS;
• Introduce students to basic information about the disease;
• Provide students with an understanding of HIV transmission;
• Introduce HIV and AIDS prevention;
• Develop behavioral motivation to maintain your health.

Equipment: computer, multimedia projector.

Preparing the event: prepare a presentation on a given topic in advance, distribute topics and material for preparing messages to students.

Teacher (Appendix 1, presentation) : In 1988, WHO (World Health Organization) decided that World AIDS Day will be celebrated annually on December 1 (show the 2nd slide of the presentation). On this day, it is necessary to bring to public attention the main idea that the cheapest and most effective measure to combat this disease is health education and public awareness (show the 3rd slide of the presentation).

B – virus (microorganism);

I – immunodeficiency;

H – person;

C – syndrome (disease picture);

P – acquired (obtained during infection);

I – immuno (immunity);

D – deficiency (disadvantage).

HIV is a virus that is transmitted from person to person through certain routes and causes dysfunction or destruction of the human body's immune system.

AIDS is the last (terminal) stage of HIV infection.

Teacher: HIV infection and AIDS are a completely new and unusual disease for people. Scientists and doctors believe that HIV appeared on Earth no more than 50 years ago. However, in this short time, AIDS has already claimed over 22 million lives. Until now, it has not been possible to find drugs that completely cure AIDS, and methods of protective vaccination (vaccination) against HIV. Even on the question of when and how the human immunodeficiency virus appeared, not everything is completely clear yet. There are several hypotheses, but none of them have been proven (showing the 4th slide of the presentation):

1st hypothesis - most researchers are inclined to think that the disease originated in Africa and then spread to other territories (USA and European countries). According to the African hypothesis, the predecessor of HIV could have been closely related primate viruses. In Africa, foci were identified where a virus similar to the human immunodeficiency virus was spreading quite widely among monkeys (show the 5th slide of the presentation).

2nd hypothesis - the virus could adapt to life in the human body thanks to the widespread use of such scientific achievements of the 20th century as blood transfusions, organ transplants and other discoveries in medicine, which could contribute to the formation of both weaker and more dangerous forms of the virus (show the 6th slide of the presentation).

3rd hypothesis – artificial emergence of the virus in the late 70s based on bacteriological weapons (show the 7th slide of the presentation).

4th hypothesis – the virus could have existed since ancient times, changing its modification.

Teacher: Currently, an epidemic of infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to develop throughout the world. Infection with this virus causes, after a few years, a disease known as AIDS. AIDS in people infected with HIV does not develop immediately, but 7–10 years after infection.

Who are viruses?

Teacher. Man, like all living beings, consists of cells. Each cell has its own “control center” – the nucleus. All vital activity (work) of the cell is controlled by the nucleus. It is into this main part of the cells, the body’s defenders, that a dangerous virus (HIV) is introduced after it has been able to penetrate the human body, HIV is, as it were, “preserved” in the cells of the immune system, which are designed to protect the body from the introduction of any aliens - pathogens. Long time(several years) the defenses of infected people are still able to withstand the onslaught of pathogens. But a person will never be able to free himself from the dangerous “aliens HIV”, which remain in the nucleus of the affected cell throughout his life. Over time, the activity of “strangers” increases and in a weakened body various diseases easily arise, which lead to the death of the infected person.

Student message. AIDS was first discovered and registered in 1981 in the United States. When group diseases of men aged 25–45 years of homosexual orientation were identified. Then they began to detect it in representatives of other segments of the population (drug addicts, prostitutes). As it turned out, these patients had a sharply weakened immune system (protective properties) of the body. People began to be killed by a wide variety of microbes, which under normal conditions would only cause mild illness. The disease was called AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). As soon as the clinical picture of the new disease was described in the medical literature, reports of patients in other countries began to arrive. Already in 1983, a virus was isolated, now known as the human immunodeficiency virus or HIV. The honor of discovery belongs to Luc Montagnier (France) and Robert Gallo (USA). Blood test methods for detecting HIV (based on the presence of antibodies to it) were developed in 1985. Gradually, the epidemic of the new disease spread throughout the world. The causative agents of the disease - viruses - were simultaneously discovered by biologists Montagnier in France and Gallo in the USA in 1983. Later, human AIDS viruses and similar ones were discovered in four species of monkeys. Chimpanzee (AIDS-1) and smoky mangobey (AIDS-2) viruses are dangerous to humans. In Russia, the first case of infection was officially announced in 1987 (a young resident of St. Petersburg).

Teacher. The development of the epidemic process in HIV infection has its own patterns, which can be traced in different countries of the world, and it can be divided into three main phases (show the 9th slide of the presentation):

The initial phase is when HIV spreads mainly among people of homosexual orientation.

The second phase - the virus enters the environment of people who use drugs intravenously and spreads parenterally (blood route).

The third phase is when the entire population is involved in the process and the spread of HIV is carried out primarily through sexual contact.

Question for students: Which phase do you think now prevails over the others?

Exercise

Purpose: To enable students to think about the dangers of contracting HIV.

I present you with a situation for the whole group, I will ask everyone to stand up. You have been invited to a party out of town. You have given your consent. And spend time at the dacha in interesting company. From a casual conversation, you find out that among these people there is an HIV-infected person, who exactly you do not know. The evening is in full swing, you are communicating a lot. Your task, moving around this room, is to enter into relationships with the people around you, holding out your hands for contact. If you feel the movement of a finger on your palm, you are dealing with an HIV-infected person. I will ask those performing this role not to give themselves away in any way and to communicate in the same way as everyone else.
– Which of you turned out to be HIV-infected?
– What feelings did you experience?

Teacher: It is important that everyone understands that in the age of AIDS, any sexual contact with someone must be considered as sexual contact with all those people with whom your partner has had a relationship over the past 10 years. Why is this so? (show the 10th – 13th slide of the presentation)

Teacher. When are we at risk of contracting HIV? From an epidemiological point of view, HIV infection is an infectious disease that is transmitted exclusively from person to person. The source of infection is an infected person at any stage of the disease, that is, regardless of the presence or absence of clinical signs of the disease. To date, it has been proven that HIV can be transmitted from an infected person in only three ways (show the 14th – 16th slide of the presentation):

1. During sexual contact (heterosexual; homosexual)

2. Parenteral (blood contact):

– injection of drugs with infected syringes;
– transfusion of untested blood;
– medical manipulations.

3. Vertical (from mother to child) – 15%–30%:

– in utero;
– during childbirth;
- during breastfeeding.

Exercise: "What is the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS?"

Goal: to consolidate knowledge of specific situations that are dangerous and safe in terms of HIV transmission; developing the ability to assess the degree of risk of infection in a real life situation.

1. Students are divided into three groups.
2. Each group is given cards consisting of 2-3 types of behavior (eating food prepared by an HIV-infected person, blood transfusions, during pregnancy from mother to fetus, using poorly sterilized instruments, swimming with an HIV-infected person in the same pool, when greeting and hugging an HIV-infected person, during organ and tissue transplantation, when sharing dishes, linen, towels with an HIV-infected person, through insect bites, etc.). Then the task is given to determine the level of risk for each type of behavior (action). Write 3 risk levels on the board (maximum risk, minimal risk, no risk).
3. Students are asked to identify relevant risk factors in given situations.
4. After discussion in small groups, a representative of each group should be heard and a discussion should be held.

Answers must be given with explanations. The teacher comments, explains, corrects mistakes.

Teacher. Clinical manifestations of the disease. At first, HIV does not manifest itself in the body, those infected with the virus feel healthy, nothing bothers them (the first stage is latent (incubation period)). This can continue for quite a long time (from several weeks to 12 or more months). It should be noted that already during this period, infected people who are unaware of the presence of HIV can infect many healthy people. For some infected people, the onset of the disease may occur without any health problems. But in 60% of infected people, within 2–4 weeks from the moment of infection (or 2–3 months after the introduction of HIV), a short-term illness appears, which usually closely resembles a cold or flu with an increase in body temperature (the development of the second stage begins). In addition to fever, in some patients the lymph glands swell, the throat becomes inflamed (similar to a sore throat), a skin rash appears, there may be upset bowel movements, headache, and insomnia. Then (after 1–2 weeks, maximum 44 days) all symptoms of the disease disappear almost independently, without treatment. And infected people usually for many years, if they do not inject drugs and protect their health by giving up all bad habits, there are no signs of a serious illness, and the infected person does not complain about anything. This is the second stage of the disease, the manifestation of which can only be enlarged lymph nodes. The insidiousness of HIV lies in the fact that at this stage of the disease, apparently healthy HIV-infected people can infect others, often they themselves may not be aware that they pose a threat to infecting their loved ones. However, after a few years, HIV-infected people slowly but steadily begin to show symptoms of the disease. The disease progresses to the next (third) stage of the disease, which essentially marks the beginning of AIDS. The patient begins to worry about increased body temperature, sweating especially at night, frequent bowel movements or diarrhea, and weight loss. Typically, 10 years after infection, 50% of those infected develop the last (fourth) stage of the disease. Patients with AIDS develop brain damage, skin cancer (Kaposi's sarcoma), tuberculosis, pneumonia, intestinal infections and other painful symptoms. The most common symptoms of AIDS are severe weight loss to the point of exhaustion (skin and bones remain, as in cancer), fever, sweating, cough, severe shortness of breath, decreased memory and intelligence. In the last months of life, AIDS patients practically lose their vision, cannot speak and cannot swallow food. The protective functions of the body's immune system are completely disrupted, and various pathogens cause incurable, fatal diseases. The end result of HIV infection is death from AIDS.

The Russian Federation provides for criminal liability (Article 122 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) (show the 17th – 18th slide of the presentation):

1. Knowingly exposing another person to the risk of contracting HIV infection is punishable by restriction of freedom for a term of up to 3 years, or arrest for a term of 3 to 6 months, or imprisonment for up to 1 year.
2. Infecting another person with HIV infection by a person who knew that he had this disease is punishable by imprisonment for a term of 5 years.

Exercise "The Legend of Genghis Khan" ( appendix 2).

Exercise “Boundaries of what is permitted.”

Goal: to develop skills in forming relationships between boys and girls, the ability to say “No”.

Situation: Sasha and Galya love each other. As they spent more and more time together, they began to express their feelings more tenderly. However, Sasha’s desire to become even closer grew with each date. Galya is sure that abstinence (refusal of sexual relations) is the best choice in this case. Sasha insists. Discussion of the situation.

Teacher: There are many ways to say no. Your behavior should not be ambiguous when you say “no”. Say “no” decisively and firmly. Vague “I don’t know”, “maybe” are evasive answers, often perceived as agreement.

Student message. Are there any treatments for HIV infection?

Until now, medicine cannot find a cure for AIDS. Existing remedies can only maintain health and slow down the course of the disease, but not stop it completely. Creating vaccines against AIDS is apparently as difficult as creating vaccines against influenza, due to the great variability of the virus. HIV has a unique variability, which is 5 times higher than the variability of the influenza virus and 100 times higher than that of the hepatitis B virus. Treatment is still ineffective (the main drug is azidothymidine). Since there are still no reliable drugs to treat AIDS, the death outcome for all these people is almost predetermined. As part of the implementation of the “Priority National Project in the Sphere of Health,” 3.1 billion rubles have been allocated for the prevention and fight against HIV/AIDS. The money will be used for the prevention and treatment of HIV-infected people.

Student message. What is the difficulty of treating HIV infection?

Anti-AIDS drugs affect certain enzymes of the virus, which stops its reproduction. Unfortunately, it is not yet possible to completely cure a patient with medication. The fact is that the AIDS virus is embedded in the genome of the cell of various organs and cannot be pulled out of there. With the help of drugs, you can ensure that the virus disappears from the blood. There are no free particles, it does not infect new cells, but still remains in the body; and as soon as the drug is stopped, it reappears in the blood.

Student message. What methods, in your opinion, can be used by the Administration to prevent the spread of HIV infection in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)?

Basic methods of prevention - doctors need to give lectures and conversations more often at schools and enterprises. You need to talk to children in accessible language and in small groups. Produce more colorful posters and booklets about possible ways of contracting AIDS. In lectures and conversations, the main emphasis should be on proper sex education, limiting the number of sexual partners, and using condoms; use of syringes, needles, disposable transfusion systems; thorough sterilization of medical instruments; conducting mass screenings for HIV infection.

The teacher discusses with the students what they liked during the lesson, what new knowledge they gained, what surprised them, what was useful. Concludes:

• AIDS is a dangerous and insidious disease that is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.
• AIDS spreads due to the unwillingness to change the norms of one's behavior.

The slogan “DON’T PERISH BECAUSE OF IGNORANCE!” should become a reality and the norm of life for every person.

V. Homework

Do your homework on the topic: “Life without bad habits” in the form:

• A poster (drawing, photograph, computer graphics), which is accompanied by a slogan or other ideological text. Conditions for fulfillment: on A4 sheet with the author’s signature on the reverse side of the image.
• A CD/DVD video (no more than 1.5 minutes in length, subtitles in Russian are welcome) with a text description of the script attached as a separate file (no more than 1 page).

In 2016, the Foundation for Socio-Cultural Initiatives, together with others public organizations took the initiative to attract the attention of the population to the problem of the spread of HIV infection in the territory Russian Federation, inform the younger generation about basic preventive measures, methods of modern diagnosis of infection and the irreversibility of consequences in the event of the development of the disease.

The thematic lesson “KNOWLEDGE – RESPONSIBILITY – HEALTH” was prepared as part of the All-Russian campaign “Stop HIV/AIDS”, dedicated to World Day fight against AIDS (December 1).

Option for a thematic lesson [PDF] [DOCX]

Target: formation in students of value guidelines aimed at maintaining health, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, personal activity in adopting norms of moral and self-preserving behavior.

Tasks:

• inform students about the specifics of HIV infection and AIDS, methods of transmission, methods of treatment and prevention of the disease;
• formation of behavioral skills that help reduce the risk of HIV/AIDS;
• developing a tolerant attitude towards people living with HIV.

What do you think unites the people whose portraits are presented on the slide?

(Freddie Mercury is a famous singer, musician, Isaac Asimov is a famous writer, Rudolf Nureyev is a famous dancer. All of them died from a terrible disease - AIDS.)

Comment on the topic of the lesson.

Formulate relevant questions for this topic.

So, what are HIV and AIDS?

HIV infection is an incurable infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is the last stage of HIV infection, which develops on average 10–12 years after infection and is accompanied by destruction of the immune system.

Attention to HIV is not accidental. Today, this virus is one of the world's most serious public health threats. According to the World Health Organization, more than 37 million people are living with HIV, and more than 34 million people have died from this dangerous disease in the 30 years since its discovery.

Russia is no exception. Today, more than 800 thousand people are living with HIV; Unfortunately, this disease claimed the lives of more than 200 thousand people.

Analyze the presented infographics. Draw conclusions.

Human immunodeficiency virus is a retrovirus from the genus of lentiviruses that causes a slowly progressive disease - HIV infection.

The virus infects cells of the immune system. As a result, the immune system is suppressed, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) develops, and the patient’s body loses the ability to protect itself from infections and tumors.

The course of the disease is divided into three stages: acute infection, latent period and terminal stage (AIDS).

Scientists have clearly established that the human immunodeficiency virus transmitted in three ways: through blood, sexual intercourse and between mother and child during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding.

Virus not transmitted by airborne droplets, through household contact, through contact with intact skin, through insect bites, tears and saliva (due to the fact that the concentration of HIV virions in these liquids is lower than the infectious dose, and also due to the fact that saliva is an aggressive environment , which destroys HIV virions with its enzymes).

What, from your point of view, is necessary to protect yourself from HIV infection?

Be faithful to one sexual partner, who, in turn, must be faithful to you.
Take an HIV test before sexual intercourse. Ask your partner to do the same.
Always use a condom during sexual intercourse unless you know for sure your partner's HIV status.
Avoid casual sex, especially with people who use drugs.
Use only individual personal hygiene items (razors, manicure accessories, toothbrushes).
Do not apply tattoos, piercings, or pierce your ears outside specialized institutions.
Don't use drugs.

An HIV test can be taken at your local clinic. Currently for laboratory diagnostics HIV infections use different methods to detect HIV. The standard and most accessible procedure is to detect antibodies to HIV using reagent kits approved for use for this purpose in the Russian Federation.

To be sure of a negative test result, it is necessary to repeat the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) blood test six months after the situation that could have resulted in HIV infection.

Today in the Russian Federation there are many laws and regulations relating to the problem of HIV/AIDS.

Analyze the submitted documents. How does their content reveal the concept of “responsibility” in the context of the lesson topic?

Unfortunately, the problem of HIV/AIDS can affect each of us.

American teenager Ryan White could not become either a famous actor or a popular singer, but his name became a symbol of the fight against this disease and the correction of prejudices that exist in society. Ryan suffered from hemophilia since birth. He was treated with special drugs obtained from donor blood. Through her he was infected.

The boy was diagnosed with AIDS in 1984. Because of this illness, the school administration and parents of students opposed his stay in educational institution. A series of lawsuits followed, which made Ryan White famous. He took part in anti-AIDS campaigns and demanded that patients be treated fairly. He died on April 8, 1990.

HIV infection is a chronic, constantly progressive disease. Of the 35 million people living with HIV, some remain alive thanks to antiretroviral therapy. In the absence of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection, death occurs on average 9–11 years after infection. With antiretroviral therapy, the patient's life expectancy is 70–80 years. It is important to remember that today HIV is not a death sentence. Timely diagnosis and treatment allow an infected person to live a normal life, start a family, and be happy.

How do you think HIV-infected people can be helped?

The red ribbon is the international official symbol of the fight against AIDS. By attaching it to your outerwear at heart level, you openly declare your solidarity with HIV-infected people, talk about the importance of the problem and honor the memory of those who died from AIDS.

In 1991, artists and painters in the United States organized the art group Visual AIDS. They hoped to use art as a weapon against the virus. Many of their incredibly talented friends, acquaintances and colleagues died from HIV. It was necessary to take some action to make people think about the threatening proximity and reality of a terrible disease. AIDS should not have gone unnoticed.

The ribbon symbol is very easy to make. To do this, you need to take a red ribbon 6 cm long, fold it at the top in the shape of an inverted letter “V” and pin it to the clothes using a safety pin.

Our country has done a lot to stop the spread of a dangerous virus: the coverage of free testing has been unprecedentedly increased, which today everyone can undergo in their region, the vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child has almost completely stopped, and 98% of children are already born to HIV-infected women are born healthy. The availability of necessary medicines has been significantly increased, many of which are now produced by Russian enterprises.

What do you think should be done to prevent HIV/AIDS?

What should you do to protect yourself from HIV?

From November 28 to December 4, 2016, the All-Russian campaign “Stop HIV/AIDS” will be held, timed to coincide with December 1 – World AIDS Day.

Are you ready to take part in educational events dedicated to the problem of HIV/AIDS, and why?

CURRENT

Every year on December 1, World AIDS Day is celebrated at the initiative of the World Health Organization. The initiative was launched in 1988 to raise global awareness of HIV/AIDS.

In Russia, the All-Russian “Stop HIV/AIDS” campaigns are timed to coincide with World AIDS Day, which are held on November 28 – December 4 and May 15 – 27. During the Campaigns, information and educational events are held in the country: open thematic lessons prepared by health experts, the Open Student Forum “Let's Stop AIDS Together,” the educational and interactive program “What do you know about HIV?” and others. Open lessons and events are held in institutions of secondary general, secondary vocational and higher education.

Famous actors, musicians, politicians, and athletes annually join in participating in the Actions, taking pictures with the hashtag #stopwichspeed and posting them on social networks as a sign of solidarity in the fight against AIDS. Anyone can be one of them; to do this, post your photos with the hashtag on networks: VKontakte, Instagram, Facebook and Twitter.

Teaching materials for holding events for the All-Russian campaign "Stop HIV/AIDS" from May 15 to May 21, 2017.

Methodological materials for organizing the All-Russian lesson in 2016

Healthy generation, healthy future! A doctor's view on HIV prevention

(Armais Albertovich Kamalov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Urology and Andrology; Olga Borisovna Panina, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Lomonosov Moscow State University)

Education and awareness for HIV prevention through music, dance, Internet technologies and trainings

(Evgenia Georgievna Alekseeva, Foundation social development and health protection Focus-Media)

Trainings how effective solution for HIV prevention and promoting a healthy lifestyle among adolescents and young people

(about the results of the “Everything That Concerns You” trainings, developed with the support of the Health and Development Foundation; Sergey Anatolyevich Frolov, Elena Viktorovna Dmitrieva)

Practice of conducting trainings on prevention of stigmatization and discrimination of students and educators living with HIV

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State budgetary professional educational institution Republic of Crimea
"Dzhankoy Vocational College" Kalinovsky branch

OPEN LESSON

on the topic: " STOP HIV/AIDS»

Homeroom teacher 15 groups

Ibragimova Anife Rishatovna

TOPIC: STOP HIV/AIDS

Target:

form ideas about the disease of the century;

introduce students to basic information about the disease and dangerous features of HIV infection;

form the concept of personal responsibility for one’s health;

teach how to assess situations in risk areas and take precautions.

Equipment: presentation, glasses of water, starch, iodine.

Board design: presentation

PROGRESS OF THE LESSON

I. Organizational moment

Presentation is open

II. Explanation of new material

1. Epigraph

At the turn of the millennium there comes a moment when

We are responsible for everything, turning over the years,

The man who conquered the sky, inventing a miracle of technology,

By adopting bad habits, he forgets about his health.

2 . Hello dear students! Today we will talk about HIV and how to protect yourself from this virus. This is relevant today. First let's find out what it is?

IN irus

AND immunodeficiency

H person

A pathogen that attacks the immune system. Destroys and weakens the function of human immune cells, resulting in infected people developing an incurable infectious disease, HIV infection.

How HIV works:

- penetrates inside the body;

- attacks immune cells of the body;

Gradually causes immunodeficiency.

It develops on average 10-12 years after infection and is accompanied by a disorder of the immune system, against which many infectious diseases and malignant tumors.

AIDS- acquired immune deficiency syndrome, last stage HIV- infections.

An organism unable to defend itself dies in the absence of ARV.

In the world, more than 46% of infected people do not know about their positive HIV- status.

Today students from different groups help me. HIV/AIDS affects each of us. For 35 years, scientists have been making enormous efforts to study this virus, stop its spread and save millions of lives.

A little history:

1981 - first report of the disease in the USA;

1982 - called AIDS;

1983 - scientists in France and the USA discovered and discovered a new HIV virus;

1987 - first case of HIV in the USSR.

During the period from 1981 to 2017, more than 70 million cases of HIV infection were registered in the world and 35 million died from AIDS.

Let's find out how you can get infected with AIDS?

Now listen to how this virus is not transmitted.

The population of Russia is more than 146 million people. Of these, more than 900,000 people are living with HIV. Every hour in Russia, 10 people become infected.

Tell- No drugs!

Infection through blood through injection drug use is the most common route of HIV transmission in Russia.

Today everyone understands that HIV is extremely dangerous, but not everyone knows that it is necessary to periodically take a blood test.

Many people think that HIV does not affect them, because they are not drug addicts and lead a completely decent lifestyle. However, those who do not fall into any risk groups are increasingly becoming infected. And what’s even worse is that they find out about their diagnosis when it’s too late.

In Russia, medical testing for HIV is voluntary. And it is very important to find out about your positive HIV diagnosis as early as possible.

Antiretroviral therapy is the use of special antiviral drugs.

From the moment HIV antibodies are detected in the blood, a person can live up to 30 years. With early detection of ARV treatment, you can live with HIV for more than 40 years.

Modern ARV drugs appeared in 1996. Since that time, HIV infection has ceased to be a fatal disease. The drugs should be used constantly and only under the supervision of the attending physician.

ARV therapy:

reduces viral load in the body;

supports immunity;

reduces risk opportunistic infections;

extends life and preserves its quality;

gives a chance for the birth of a healthy child.

This is important to know!

Medical assistance for HIV infection, including ARV drugs, are provided to citizens of the Russian Federation free of charge.

So, there is the topic of vaccines, many scientific groups are developing this different countries world and Russia, but to date have not shown good results. And the solution to this issue remains central to world science. We hope that someday the planet will defeat HIV through joint efforts.

The main objective of HIV prevention research is to develop prevention methods based on new approaches and technological solutions.

In 2017, the number of new HIV infections among adults and children decreased, HIV mortality decreased, and access to ARV treatment expanded.

By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and tropical diseases.

I would really like to believe this.

It is impossible to determine the presence of HIV infection by external signs!

Get free HIV testing.

How to protect yourself from HIV infection.

Many famous people have already died from this disease.

III. Consolidation of what has been learned.

3.1. How does the human immune system work?

Immune system- this is the internal “militia” of the body, protecting our health. If “criminals” (pathogenic bacteria and viruses) enter the body, the immune system recognizes them, studies them and destroys them. To destroy each type of pathogenic microorganism, she prepares a special “capture group” - antibodies.

Why can't the immune system fight HIV? The fact is that HIV is a smart and cunning enemy. Once in the body, it penetrates the cells of the immune system themselves and pretends to be one of “its own”. The remaining “police” cells do not see the “criminal” and do not have time to prepare the necessary antibodies to destroy him. Meanwhile, HIV multiplies rapidly, making more and more copies of itself. By the time capture group antibodies appear, it is already too late.

Gradually, HIV destroys the immune system. Immunodeficiency develops - a lack of protective forces in the body. The last stage of this condition is called AIDS- acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

3.2. How does HIV cause AIDS?

The development of the epidemic process in HIV infection has its own patterns, which can be traced in different countries of the world, and it can be divided into main phases:

Four periods:

Window period (6 months)

Period of primary manifestations (6 years)

Period of development of secondary diseases (tuberculosis, cancer)

AIDS, or end stage (no protective cells)

3.3. How is HIV transmitted?

"Playing with water"

Tasks :

Make it clear how quickly HIV infection spreads;

Explain that a person’s health largely depends on his behavior.

Materials :

Cups of water according to the number of students;

Starch; - iodine.

Instructions :

1. From the very beginning of the exercise, all the glasses are placed on the table. Starch is added to one of them.

2. Students do not know which cup contains starch, and the teacher does not say at all that the cups are different from each other.

3. The teacher distributes mugs of water to all participants, which symbolically refers to blood and other human body fluids that can transmit HIV.

4. The teacher invites everyone to mentally transport themselves to another space for three minutes and become part of the party. “At the party, everyone feels and behaves very freely. Here it is considered normal to have sex with people you just met or use drugs. The more contacts you have, the stronger your position in the party (and, accordingly, the greater your chances in the game).”

5. It is necessary to enter into “sexual contact” with as many people as possible within three minutes.

6. Contact is symbolized by pouring a small amount of water into each other's cups.

7. After three minutes, the “party” ends.

8. After the students took their seats, the teacher says that one of the party participants turned out to be HIV-infected - starch was added to his glass.

9. The teacher asks all participants if they are ready to take an HIV test and explains how important it is to know whether you are infected or not.

10. For those who come up with their glass, the presenter conducts a test - iodine is dripped into the water, and the water, which contains at least a little starch, turns blue-violet.

11. Students will immediately see a clear result: starch was in only one glass, and now - in almost all of them.

3.4. Is it possible to kill a virus?

The disease spares no one, but there is a saying “God protects the careful.” How to protect yourself from contracting HIV infection?

Getting infected with HIV is not that easy. The virus is extremely sensitive and remains viable outside the human body only under sterile conditions, such as in a flask. When placed in a space without air access, the virus dies. Ordinary hygiene measures at home and in the hospital also quickly render the virus harmless.

Sexual contact is the most common route of transmission of the virus. Therefore, a reliable way to avoid infection during casual sexual intercourse is to use a condom. The use of a condom virtually eliminates the direct penetration of infected sperm or vaginal fluid through the mucous membranes of the genital organs. Intravenous drug use is not only harmful to health, but also significantly increases the risk of contracting HIV. Often, people who inject drugs intravenously share needles and syringes without sterilizing them. Use of any equipment (syringes, blood transfusion systems, etc.) as in medical institutions, and in everyday life (manicure, pedicure, tattoos, shaving, etc.), where the blood of a person infected with the virus may be contained, requires their sterilization. This virus is unstable and dies when boiled. Special disinfectant solutions of chlorine-containing substances and hydrogen peroxide can also be used. Alcohol is not recommended for this.

IV. conclusions:

AIDS– a dangerous and insidious disease that is caused by the immunodeficiency virus

AIDS spreads due to our ignorance, as well as our reluctance to change the norms of our behavior

Slogan “Everything is in your hands!” should become the norm of life for every person!

Parable "The Wise Man and the Young Man"

A rumor spread in the village that a sage had appeared who could answer any questions. And then one young man thought: “Let me outsmart the sage. I’ll go to the field, catch a butterfly and squeeze it between my palms. Then I will go to the sage and ask whether the butterfly is alive or dead. If the sage says that it is alive, I will clasp my palms tighter and show him that the butterfly is dead. And if he says that she is dead, then I will open my palms and the butterfly will fly away.” As I thought, I did so. He went into the field, caught a butterfly and brought it to the sage: “Here, sage, I have a butterfly in my hands, tell me whether it is alive or dead.” The sage looked carefully at the young man and said: Everything is in your hands!

V. Lesson Analysis

The teacher discusses with the students what they liked during the lesson, what new knowledge they gained, what surprised them, what was useful.

VI. Homework:

Prepare a project “STOP HIV/AIDS