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Buying a truck business plan. Step-by-step instructions: how to open a freight transport company from scratch |
When studying business areas in which today you can actively develop, aspiring entrepreneurs should pay attention to the field of cargo transportation. This industry directly depends on the growth of the industrial sector, as well as on the general economic situation in the state. When planning to open a transport company, a novice businessman must first of all monitor the local market, realistically assess his ability to compete, and also draw up a competent financial plan. RegistrationAfter making a final decision regarding opening a transport company, the businessman must go through the procedure state registration. To do this, he needs to determine in what status the commercial activity:
After studying this video, novice entrepreneurs will be able to learn how to properly organize document flow in transport company:
If beginning entrepreneurs have chosen LLC as their legal form, then the best option for them would be to switch to the UTII tax regime (see also). In this case, they will be able to use up to 20 trucks. For individual entrepreneurs, tax form 3 of personal income tax is more suitable. Before starting work, company managers must open current accounts in any banking institution, since very often cargo transportation is ordered by both small and large companies that need to document their costs.
Selection of premisesAfter completion of registration activities, subjects entrepreneurial activity Those planning to work in the cargo transportation industry need to find office space and a protected area for a vehicle fleet. When looking for premises where clients will be served, you can choose large business centers where offices are rented. When choosing an area for a truck fleet, you should pay attention to those places that have fences and a nearby transport interchange. Today, many companies rent out their warehouses and hangars, as well as administrative buildings in which offices for management and staff can be located.
If a novice entrepreneur has a large start-up capital, he can purchase office space. In this case, he will be able to make a profit from such real estate (rent out), even if there is no development in the area transport services. The transport company must have its own garage in which mechanics will repair vehicles and carry out maintenance. It is also recommended to equip a warehouse in which customer cargo will be temporarily stored. A business entity must approach the issue of personnel selection with full responsibility, since the qualifications and integrity of hired workers will ultimately determine financial result and prosperity of the company. When hiring drivers, you need to pay attention to their experience and length of service in this field. The number of such employees should match (or better exceed) the number of trucks. If the company operates daily, then one truck needs to have 2-3 drivers. A work shift schedule is drawn up for them, which includes days off. If truck drivers have the opportunity to independently carry out maintenance and repair of vehicles, then they can save money on the position of mechanic (otherwise, such a unit should be added to the staff). It is imperative to hire qualified and sober loaders who can carry out loading and unloading operations either manually or using specialized equipment. To work in the office you will need to hire an accountant, cleaners, security guards and a secretary, trade manager, a logistics manager (the number of these employees depends on the size of the fleet), who will place orders. In the state of a large logistics company There must be a lawyer who can handle insurance registration. If the manager cannot find suitable specialists for the positions of lawyer and accountant, he can contact outsourcing company and use the services of its employees. Today, many transport organizations employ full-time doctors who examine drivers before each trip.
In this material: If cargo transportation is chosen as an activity, where to start the business? Such an occupation was considered unpromising 2 years ago. Today, even a beginner has the opportunity to transport goods quite profitably and create profitable business. This is a costly and troublesome task. Up to $10,000 is the amount starting capital without purchasing trucks. Trucking business conceptThe market for in-demand freight forwarding services is continuously growing in Russia. The services of qualified logisticians are always in demand. The activities of industrial, commercial and manufacturing enterprises. How to start a business related to the transportation of various types of cargo? You should navigate the market by studying competitors' offers. Intercity and international flights are the most profitable type of cargo transportation business. In this market segment, the company is subject to more stringent documentation requirements technical means And technical specifications, however, significantly higher than the average prices for such cargo transportation. Various options for organizing this business are possible. Without having your own car, you can implement a business idea for cargo transportation. Cargo transportation as a business allows customers to purchase the necessary equipment and various types of equipment from suppliers, bring raw materials for production, and send goods to their customers. Transportation of goods by various modes of transport is used. Delivery by water transport, plane, railway or road transport is a popular service. Heavy and large cargo can be transported profitably and conveniently using rail or air transportation. Small consignments of cargo are transported using curtained vehicles. Clients value high-quality, reliable, prompt delivery during office or apartment moves. Specifics of the cargo transportation businessIn the mature market for forwarding services, there is a very high level of market competition, but entrepreneurs who have managed to occupy a niche and organize a profitable cargo transportation business have a stable high income. Small private firms account for about 60% of the cargo transportation market, the remaining 40% belongs to large companies. An enterprising, enterprising entrepreneur can open a business from scratch in the forwarding services market, provided the right approach to organization is taken. When entering this business, significant amounts of start-up capital are required. How to open a business related to freight transportation?Within the framework of current legislation, you can register as individual entrepreneur, owner of a small company. An individual entrepreneur manages his business independently. How to open an individual entrepreneur? As part of the standard procedure, an individual entrepreneur is registered, which costs several thousand rubles. The legal right to transport goods is given by a transport license. To freely cross the state border by cargo vehicles, you must obtain an additional license, which is valid for 15 days. The responsible person is given a power of attorney for the transportation of goods, a list of items being transported, a package of accompanying papers, and a waybill. These forwarding documents are necessary to carry out various types of cargo transportation. To transport oversized or bulky cargo, the carrier must obtain a special permit. To officially open an individual entrepreneur for cargo transportation, you must obtain insurance for the cargo vehicle. Plastic bag constituent documents required to register as an object of taxation with the tax authorities. An entrepreneur must obtain a TIN. Individual entrepreneurs for cargo transportation are exempt from management accounting. Any enterprise is quite a risky business, so the various nuances of a cargo transportation business being opened should be taken into account by the main document drawn up by professionals who will help and advise on how to organize a business. A business plan is the main document of a future entrepreneur, which helps to assess their commercial opportunities. The success of a business related to cargo transportation primarily depends on this competent document. The business plan should reveal the main problems of the activity:
Part of the business plan is the financial side. Smart startupTo carry out full-fledged cargo transportation, it is necessary to purchase cars. It is worth starting a business from scratch by purchasing reliable imported cars. A startup will be easier if the aspiring entrepreneur has his own freight transport. The location of the office is not critical. If you want to start cargo transportation, it is better to start the freight forwarding business by using one car. Where to start a business to earn a good income? It is important for carriers to avoid unprofitable idle runs. A future entrepreneur should take care of hiring qualified workers for a cargo transportation business in a timely manner. Logistics forwarders help minimize transport costs. In accordance with the contract, these professionals perform insurance, storage, transhipment, and freight forwarding from the initial loading point to the final destination. These cargo transportation business specialists choose the optimal route, solve problems with customs clearance, and monitor the completion of documents. To develop your business you will need:
In the first months of the company's operation, when customer base has not been created, the work has not yet been established, no one knows about the transport company yet, it is especially difficult for entrepreneurs.
Order a business plan
Cargo transportation is a fairly promising type of activity. People living in villages, big and small towns use the services of transport companies or individuals to transport things and cargo to different places. At the moment, cargo transportation is in great demand in our country, so the number of companies offering their services in this area is growing every day. If you want to get into this business, you need to take your place and try to organize work in such a way that it generates income, to create conditions that are radically different from the conditions of competing firms. Cargo transportation: business from scratchThis is quite a troublesome and costly matter. In order to start work, you will have to acquire your own vehicle. If you are limited in funds, then a car like a Gazelle or something like that is quite suitable for the first case. What is the job? At the first stage, a written agreement is concluded with the client. The next step is packing goods and belongings. Timely delivery plays a big role in this matter: if you miss delivery deadlines even once, the company’s reputation will suffer, and then you will have to earn a good name for the company again. Unpacking and putting things in place - this work is performed upon additional agreement with the customer. How to open a freight transportation company so that the business brings real benefits? Transportation is often carried out by everyone who does not know what to do with themselves. They put the dispatcher on the phone, take orders, but are in no hurry to fulfill them. The cost of work very often does not coincide with that stated in the agreement, so people are dissatisfied with the work of such “firms”. The final amount is sometimes announced only when things have already been unloaded and the client has to pay the announced amounts. To avoid such mistakes, you need to organize your work honestly towards the customer. Only then will people use the services of your office, and it will generate good income. The relevance of this type of businessThe relevance of cargo transportation in modern world difficult to overestimate. Transportation services are in demand more and more every year. Until recently, the customer had to wait for his cargo for several weeks, or even months. Now the situation has changed radically. People began to value their time more. Therefore, we try to deliver luggage as quickly as possible. Regardless of the purpose of delivery, the relevance of transportation is growing at a rapid pace. It is difficult to even imagine what will happen if the freight market ceases to function for any reason. Life will come to a standstill, especially in big cities. Essential goods and food products will not be delivered, and medicines will disappear from pharmacies. This list can be continued indefinitely. Therefore, the importance of cargo transportation in the modern world cannot be underestimated. Main goals
The most important thing is to have perseverance and strive to achieve your goals. Confidence in yourself and your capabilities is also not in last place. Company registration and taxesIn order to open a freight transport company, you need. If you plan to deal with small-tonnage transportation, your fleet will have several small Gazelle-type vehicles, and your staff will have a small number of employees, then in this case you can. You will need to pay a state fee and collect the package necessary documents. The tax office will give you a list of them. Then an application in the appropriate format is submitted here. It should contain your passport details, a telephone number where tax officials can contact you if necessary, and. All these manipulations can be carried out by you personally or through a trusted person. Every registered carrier must pay taxes to the state treasury on time. In order for taxation to be optimal, the following factors must be taken into account:
Types of taxation for cargo carriers
In order to earn decent money, make every effort to switch to a single tax. Don’t forget to pay the state in full, and most importantly, on time. There is also Pension Fund, to which you will also have to pay deductions. The amounts of contributions to the Pension Fund often change, so it is necessary to constantly clarify the figures that are transferred from the accounts of your company. Where and how to open a transport company?Selecting a roomYou cannot do without an office space in which the dispatch service will be located. The premises can be rented. The choice of its location must be taken very seriously. Saving money by working from home will not achieve good results. The “home” level of work will not bring much income. If you do not have the funds to rent your own premises, you can rent an office in a call center. This will require less cash investment. The dispatch service can be located on 20 square meters. meters. The office needs to be set up. Dispatchers must have computers or laptops at their disposal. Availability of printer and scanner – necessary condition. Without a landline telephone, work will not be carried out at the proper level. Having two telephone lines is a huge advantage for the company. Employees' mobile phones will be used no less. It is advisable to purchase a walkie-talkie for conversations between drivers and the dispatcher - it is convenient and inexpensive. RecruitmentA company that plans to engage in cargo transportation must have dispatchers on staff - at least 2 people. Their main quality should be good diction, excellent memory, communication skills and the ability to think logically. A good manager will help to properly organize the work of the enterprise. A competent accountant will maintain all the company’s documentation, and there will be a lot of it. A prerequisite for successful work – effective advertising. Therefore, an advertising manager will also come in handy. Buying carsBusiness in this area begins with the purchase of a car. When choosing cars, you need to clearly understand for yourself what goals you set for yourself and what means you have. Used foreign cars are more reliable than domestic cars and are more convenient to use. But Russian cars are much cheaper to repair. At the same time, imported cars break down less often. Which car to buy is up to you. Gazelles are often purchased for cargo transportation within the city. Thanks to their maneuverability, they cope well with assigned tasks in urban areas. Gazelles are fuel efficient and inexpensive to maintain. If you plan to transport products, tilt vehicles are suitable for this purpose. For large volumes of cargo, vehicles with additional trailers are suitable - in this case, the carrying capacity will increase to 24 tons. For perishable products you need to buy special refrigerators or isothermal vans. A car is indispensable for transporting furniture or office moves. Russian production"Zil - Bull." This car will go where a large truck cannot go. Which car to buy for business development freight transportation? This question is individual. One point is worth remembering for sure - in order to provide quality services to the population, it is necessary to have an appropriate fleet of cars. Road transport services for cargo transportationIt is very important if you can organize the work of a company that will provide clients with a full range of services. It will be nice if you provide the customer not only with a suitable vehicle, but also with loaders. Companies that specialize in this area provide the following services:
In order for the quality of services to be at a high level, it is necessary to adhere to the following rules:
Marketing plan for company developmentBefore you start preparing documents for starting your own business, you need to have a well-developed marketing plan. What does this include?
Well designed marketing strategy and the right tactical actions will take your company to a leading position among similar companies in the region. Marketing research is necessary before compiling detailed business plan transportation of goods. This data will be the basis for the successful operation and development of the enterprise. Financial questions: is it profitable to engage in cargo transportation?You must understand that preparing a detailed financial report to create a trucking company is unrealistic. To obtain specific numbers, you need accurate data on the state of the future enterprise. An approximate picture will look like this:
These figures reflect the picture of an enterprise that regularly pays taxes and salaries to employees. If you are planning to start a business by purchasing 2 cars, you will have the following expenses:
Thus, you will need about 1 million 200 thousand rubles. This is provided that you have 1 dispatcher, 1 driver and 1 loader on your staff. If you need to attract a second car, you will have to drive it yourself. Accounting reports will be kept by a specialist from another company. This scheme of work assumes an income from one car of 30 thousand rubles. per month. All your expenses will pay off no earlier than 1.5–2 years. If you use rented cars, this period can be halved. More accurate calculations depend on many factors. So, one of the main components is the location of the company. Drawing a conclusion, we can say that organizing a small-tonnage transportation business is a profitable and promising business that novice businessmen should pay attention to.
How much money do you need to organize cargo transportation?According to our calculations, organizing a business in intracity and intercity cargo transportation will require investing about 4,486,000 rubles:
Description of servicesOur organization plans to provide intracity and intercity cargo transportation services. The organization’s fleet, according to the business plan, at the first stage will consist of four Gazelle cars. Intracity transportation will be charged at an hourly rate. One hour will cost 350 rubles. The main clients of this service:
According to our calculations, every day in the city one car will work on average 7 hours. The expected daily revenue will be 2450 rubles. Intercity transportation will be charged based on distance. One kilometer will cost 12 rubles. According to preliminary calculations, up to 40 orders for long-distance transportation will be received monthly. For example, delivering cargo from Samara to Cheboksary will allow you to earn 11,616 rubles. To ensure income on the return trip, it is planned to use Internet services - automatic dispatch services. For example, www.avtodispetcher.ru. Using this service, you can receive information about suitable cargo (potential customers) in the desired city using an SMS message. Within the city, one machine will work on average 10 days, and 20 days will work over long distances. Potential revenue from intracity transportation will be 98 thousand rubles. per month. From intercity - 400 thousand rubles. Download cargo transportation business plan Marketing planCompetition in the cargo transportation market is extremely high. Without an extensive advertising campaign, it will be extremely difficult to obtain orders. Therefore, it is planned to spend a significant part of the budget on promoting services, especially during the formation of the company. To attract customers will be used following methods advertising:
It is also planned to cooperate with furniture stores, shops household appliances and construction markets. Such retail outlets often sell goods that can only be taken away by truck. Stores that do not have their own fleet of vehicles will be happy to cooperate with our company. A large number of orders can come from furniture factories, door and window production, and others. industrial enterprises who need to unload goods to a retail outlet or wholesale warehouse in another city or region. What equipment to choose to provide cargo transportation servicesTo provide cargo transportation services, four GAZ-3302 Gazelle flatbed vehicles powered by a Cummins diesel engine will be purchased. The car will have an extended body (Euro platform) measuring 6.0(l)x2.0(w)x2.2(h). The cost of the new car will be 1,054,000 rubles. Investments at this stage, taking into account insurance costs, will amount to RUB 4,256,000. There will be a parking space at the car depot for parking. Rent will cost 11 thousand rubles per month. Recruitment7 drivers will be hired to work in shifts. Terms of payment for drivers on intercity routes: 3 rubles/km. + 300 days + telephone. On intracity routes, payment will be made as a percentage of the amount of revenue (20%). As an organizational and legal form, it is planned to register individual entrepreneurship in the local tax service. The taxation system is UTII (single tax on imputed income). The amount of tax payments will be 16,600 rubles per month (4,150 rubles per car). Financial planThe estimated volume of work for intercity transportation will be 36,000 km per month. The costs in this case will be:
How much can you earn from cargo transportation?Revenue for 36,000 km traveled at a service cost of 12 rubles/km. will be 432,000 rubles. From here net profit company is equal to: 432,000 - 344,460 = 87,540 rubles per month (excluding income from transportation within the city). The minimum income from the provision of cargo transportation services within the city will be 30,000 rubles per month. The profitability of organizing cargo transportation is 25%. With such indicators, the return on investment in the business occurs after 37 months of operation. We recommend download cargo transportation business plan only for (banner_bi-plan), from our partners, with a quality guarantee. This is a full-fledged, ready-made project that you will not find in the public domain. Contents of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions The cargo transportation sector is very profitable and in demand, but at the same time it has very strong competition. It’s worth saying right away that this business is not suitable for beginners, because without experience and connections you can’t build successful company may not come out. In this article we will look at an example of a business plan for a cargo transportation company and highlight all the important points of this area of activity. Company formatAt the first stage, you will need to decide, firstly, the amount of investment and, secondly, the format of doing business. You can start a business depending on the type of transport used and its purpose: — cargo transportation by gazelles and minibuses. This is the most popular urban format for doing business. Typically, such transport is used to transport furniture, personal belongings and other small luggage. The most optimal area for a novice businessman. Especially relevant for working in a big city. — cargo transportation by trucks (high-tonnage vehicles). This type of activity requires a lot financial investments and already having at least connections to get the first clients. In this format, cargo is delivered both throughout the country and abroad. The profit in this direction is quite high, but it is very difficult to get regular customers. Often clients are accustomed to working with large companies in this area, which is why the problem arises of finding a customer. — cargo transportation on dump trucks and other special equipment. Typically, their services are in demand in the construction industry, for the delivery of building materials: sand, crushed stone and other things. The problem is that many construction companies We have our own cars of this class, but there are a huge number of small companies that will use your services. This is also quite an interesting solution for a newcomer to enter the cargo transportation market. Let's look at the segmentation of the freight transportation market in large cities, this will be useful to you when drawing up a sample business plan for a freight dispatch service.
These are approximate numbers, but some analysis can still be done. A novice entrepreneur needs to strive for the second. The category of carriers, since millions of investments are needed to reach the first level. In this article we will discuss opening a small trucking company in a large city. PaperworkTo create a cargo transportation company, you can register as an individual entrepreneur, or register as legal entity. The best option LLC will be formed. You can obtain the procedure for obtaining all the necessary documents at this time by consulting with a lawyer. Things are constantly changing in this area. This way you can avoid fines and other misunderstandings. Plus, you will need to draw up a cooperation agreement with clients. Cargo transportation is a business associated with certain risks. In particular, damage to luggage. Therefore, it is a correctly drawn up cooperation agreement that can protect you from conflict situations with clients if the cargo was damaged through no fault of yours. Transport and equipmentTo start in this area of activity, you will need to provide for the purchase of vehicles. To get started you will need:
Premises and garagesTo start, you can rent a small office somewhere on the outskirts, the main thing is that it’s inexpensive. You need it first of all as a location for drivers and dispatchers. The office should have a set of furniture for staff, as well as a computer, landline telephone, office equipment for printing invoices and the Internet. It is advisable to rent office space near the location of garages (rented or purchased) for storing your vehicles. Recruitment You will need to hire several responsible drivers who are qualified to drive this type of vehicle. Look at the employee’s experience and make the first couple of trips with him. You will also need a dispatcher and a manager in one person. And not on a part-time basis, an accountant and an auto mechanic. In the business plan of a trucking company, you need to include advertising costs. You can advertise in the media, which are already covered with them from head to toe, you can post leaflets on poles. In fact, in order to immediately receive clients you need to make a selling website and launch contextual advertising. This way you can get your first clients already on the first day of work. Financial planOne-time expenses:
Monthly expenses:
In total, you will need about $52,000 - $58,000 to start. You can serve about 20 clients a day with an average bill of $15 - $20. Monthly revenue will be about $9,000. Minus monthly expenses - about $5,000. Business payback is from 1 year and above. We hope our example helped you ready-made business the company's cargo transportation plan. |
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