Slide 10

Polar Urals

The northernmost part of the Urals consists of rocky placers (rocks and outcrops). The flora and fauna are quite scarce. Even mosses and lichens do not create a continuous cover. The most significant peaks are the mountains: Payer (1472 meters) and Konstantinov Kamen (492 meters).

Slide 11

SubpolarUral

This part of the Urals is characterized by the highest ridge heights. Here traces of glaciation are visible quite clearly. Even the names of the mountains speak volumes about their pointed peaks (Blade Peak, Saber Mountain). The highest point of the Ural Mountains (Mount Narodnaya) is also located here. Stone peaks and mountain tundra in the lower part of the slope are replaced by taiga. The southern border of this part of the Urals is located at 64º north latitude.

Slide 12

Mount Saber

Slide 13

Northern Urals

The mountains here take on the character of a real ridge, quite high, rocky and completely treeless. To the south its slopes are covered with forest. The average height of the Northern Urals is about 900 meters. Numerous rivers originate on its slopes, forming tributaries of the Pechora and Kama in the west, and the Ob in the east.

Slide 14

amethyst emerald

Slide 15

Slide 16

mid-altitude mountains Hercynian folding ore minerals sedimentary minerals uplands of the Cis-Urals edge of the Russian Platform ore minerals foothills of the Trans-Urals edge of the West Siberian Plate

Slide 17

Slide 18

Climate.

Despite its rather small height, the Ural Mountains have a fairly significant influence on climatic conditions. They are the boundary between different climatic zones: the temperate continental climate of the East European Plain and the continental climate of Western Siberia. Atlantic air masses reach the western slope of the Urals, trying to overcome it, rise higher and cool. As a result, more precipitation falls in the western part of the Urals than in the eastern part (about 1.5-2 times). The temperature regime also has its own characteristics. In the western part of the Urals, winter is snowier and, accordingly, milder. In the east there is less snow, and frosts reach 45-50 ºС.

View all slides

Mount Narodnaya MOUNTAIN PEOPLE is the highest peak (1895 m) of the Urals. Located on the border of Komi and Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Republic. district, Subpolar Urals. Discovered by geologist A.N. Aleshkov in 1927 during an expedition to the Northern Urals. The mountain range reaches in the area greatest width. The terrain is characterized by an alpine type of relief with steep slopes and deep gorges. The abundance of glacial forms, the presence of carts and circuses, in the depths of which lakes lie. In the high-mountain zone there are flat-topped massifs. MOUNTAIN NARODNAYA is the highest peak (1895 m) of the Urals. Located on the border of Komi and Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Republic. district, Subpolar Urals. Discovered by geologist A.N. Aleshkov in 1927 during an expedition to the Northern Urals. The mountain range reaches its greatest width in this area. The terrain is characterized by an alpine type of relief with steep slopes and deep gorges. The abundance of glacial forms, the presence of carts and circuses, in the depths of which lakes lie. In the high mountain zone there are flat-topped massifs

Amethyst star A variety of quartz. The color is due to the structural admixture of Fe. A type of quartz. The color is due to the structural admixture of Fe. In China, bottles and small boxes were cut out of light amethysts. In the Middle Ages, amethyst was highly valued in the East and Europe, where it was considered preferable for decorating church items and priestly clothing. When consecrated to the rank of cardinal, the initiate was given a ring with an amethyst, which is why in Catholic countries the stone was called episcopal, pastoral, and in Rus', bishop's. In China, bottles and small boxes were cut out of light amethysts. In the Middle Ages, amethyst was highly valued in the East and Europe, where it was considered preferable for decorating church items and priestly clothing. When consecrated to the rank of cardinal, the initiate was given a ring with an amethyst, which is why in Catholic countries the stone was called episcopal, pastoral, and in Rus', bishop's.

Chrysolite Chrysolite is a transparent variety of the mineral olivine - a silicate of iron and magnesium. Chrysolite is a transparent variety of the mineral olivine - a silicate of iron and magnesium. The word “chrysolite” (that is, “golden stone”; Greek chrysos “golden”) existed already in ancient times. It is found in ancient texts dating back to the 3rd century. BC e. The word “chrysolite” (that is, “golden stone”; Greek chrysos “golden”) existed already in ancient times. It is found in ancient texts dating back to the 3rd century. BC e. Sometimes the stone is called the evening emerald, because under artificial light the yellow tint disappears, and the stone appears pure green. Sometimes the stone is called the evening emerald, because under artificial light the yellow tint disappears, and the stone appears pure green.

Topaz According to the Bible, topaz is one of the 12 biblical stones with which the linen bag ("confidant") of the High Priest was decorated when he worshiped Jehovah. According to the Bible, topaz is one of the 12 biblical stones with which the linen bag ("confidant") was decorated. High Priest when he performed worship to Jehovah

Jasper has been known to man since the Paleolithic era, when weapons and tools were made from it. Known to man since the Paleolithic era, when weapons and tools were made from it. Later, various jewelry and talismans began to be carved from jasper. In Eastern countries, jasper was considered a symbol of beauty, grace and wealth. IN Ancient Greece The stone served as a talisman against the evil eye for young mothers and babies. Hippocrates treated fever and epilepsy with jasper. With the spread of Christianity, it was believed that jasper consecrated in the church had magical properties. A.S. Pushkin wore a bracelet with green jasper, considering it an assistant in love affairs. Later, various jewelry and talismans began to be carved from jasper. In Eastern countries, jasper was considered a symbol of beauty, grace and wealth. In Ancient Greece, the stone served as a talisman against the evil eye for young mothers and babies. Hippocrates treated fever and epilepsy with jasper. With the spread of Christianity, it was believed that jasper consecrated in the church had magical properties. A.S. Pushkin wore a bracelet with green jasper, considering it an assistant in love affairs.

Preview:

To use preview presentations, create a Google account and log in to it: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

Ural Mountains

Ural! The supporting edge of the state, Its breadwinner and blacksmith, The same age as our ancient glory And the creator of today's glory... A. Tvardovsky

Ural border: Between Europe and Asia Between platforms. Between the Russian and West Siberian plains. Climatic divide Watershed Boundary:

The Ural Mountains stretch from the coast of the Arctic Kara Sea to the steppes of Kazakhstan. The length of the Ural Mountains from south to north is 2 thousand kilometers, and from west to east from 50 to 150 kilometers. In ancient times, the Ural mountains were called Riphean, and until the 18th century “stone belt” (translated from Turkic “Ural” means belt). The Urals have long been considered a natural border dividing two parts of the world - Europe and Asia. The Ural Mountains are relatively low: only a few peaks reach a height of 1.5 thousand meters above sea level, and the highest of them (Mount Narodnaya) is 1895 meters. Geographical location.

Parts of the Urals.

The northernmost part of the Urals consists of rocky placers (rocks and outcrops). The flora and fauna are quite scarce. Even mosses and lichens do not create a continuous cover. The most significant peaks are the mountains: Payer (1472 meters) and Konstantinov Kamen (492 meters). Polar Urals

This part of the Urals is characterized by the highest ridge heights. Here traces of glaciation are visible quite clearly. Even the names of the mountains speak eloquently about their pointed peaks (Blade Peak, Saber Mountain). The highest point of the Ural Mountains (Mount Narodnaya) is also located here. Stone peaks and mountain tundra in the lower part of the slope are replaced by taiga. The southern border of this part of the Urals is located at 64º north latitude. Subpolar Urals

Mount Saber

The mountains here take on the character of a real ridge, quite high, rocky and completely treeless. To the south its slopes are covered with forest. The average height of the Northern Urals is about 900 meters. Numerous rivers originate on its slopes, forming tributaries of the Pechora and Kama in the west, and the Ob in the east. Northern Urals

Middle Urals

Southern Urals

Origin of the Urals The mountains owe their origin to the connection of Europe, Siberia and Kazakhstan, which previously existed in the form of isolated continents and even islands, into an integral continent. The Urals grew at the site of the collision of these large pieces of land, marking the border between them.

Russian platform Ural fold system West Siberian plate

The Urals are separated from the Russian Platform by the Pre-Ural trough, consisting of sedimentary rocks (clay, sand, gypsum, limestone). The Ural Mountains were formed during the Paleozoic period, but in the Mesozoic they were almost completely destroyed. Separate parts of the Urals rose during the Neogene and experienced rejuvenation. But these folded and blocky Ural Mountains were also destroyed as a result of external forces (weathering and erosion). Education – P Z MZ - rejuvenation KZ - weak elevations

Medium-altitude and low mountains Hercynian folding ore minerals sedimentary minerals uplands Cis-Urals edge of the Russian Platform ore minerals Trans-Urals edge of the West Siberian plate, fault

External relief-forming processes: Ancient glaciation (Polar and subpolar, northern Urals) Karst processes (Pre-Urals) The work of rivers Weathering The work of wind

Ural mountains. Climate and inland waters. They are located in the Arctic, Subarctic and Temperate zones. They are the boundary between temperate continental and continental climates. Isotherms deviate to the south The western (windward) slope is wetter Watershed of large rivers

Fill out the table: Climate-forming factors Impact on climate

Rivers of the Urals Rivers belong to bass. North The Arctic Ocean (Pechora with Usa; Tobol, Iset, Tura, etc. belong to the Ob system) and the Caspian Sea (Kama with Chusovaya and Belaya, the Ural river).

Forests of the Urals Most of the Urals are dominated by forest landscapes; to the South Urals - forest-steppe and steppe (most of it is plowed); on the western slope there are mainly dark coniferous spruce-fir forests; on the eastern slope - light coniferous pine-larch.

Homework: repeat § 32-34, Prepare presentations on the topic “Natural uniqueness of the Urals”

Oslyanka, the highest peak of the Middle Urals. Height 1119 m. There are two versions of the origin of the name of the mountain. The name of the river is Oslyanka, from the ancient Russian word for “donkey” - a whetstone, a river sharpening stone. The shape of the mountain, from the word “oslyad” or “osledina” - log. The mountain extends meridionally for 16 km. The ridge is leveled, mostly wide; in places narrow, steep, rocky. Has several peaks; the main one is located in the central part of the mountain, shifted to the eastern slope, and has a cone-shaped shape. The slopes are steep; The northern and eastern slopes have the greatest steepness. In the northern half of the mountain there are rocky outcrops and weathering remains. The slopes are covered with kurums; Mountain terraces are developed on the ridge. Avalanches have been observed. It is composed of quartz and pale-spar-quartz quartzite-sandstones of Upper Proterozoic age. Located in the northeast of the Kizelovsky district of the Perm Territory; in the axial part of the Middle Urals, north of the Basegi ridge, east-southeast of the Nyarovsky Kamen mountain.